Extrusion Asia Edition 1-2021

22 回收：纤维和单丝 Extrusion Asia Edition 1/2021 工业用PET丝 Post-industry PET-filaments 密度增加的平均值 Density increase in average 向下游呢？ 原料需要有合适的尺寸、合适的表面和高堆积密 度。 这些因素将对挤出机的产量产生巨大影响。 面对许多有 关塑料原料团聚的项目，Herbold不断开发其HV 塑料粉碎机 ，以加工大多数不同外观的热塑性的聚合物。 但是纤维的后 处理又如何呢？ 减小纤维尺寸后，应将其团聚。 该步骤由 HV 塑料粉碎机来完成，它可以提高堆积密度并改善材料的流 动性。 在很大程度上，该过程与在材料上轻柔地施加摩擦有关– 这又具有两个作用：团聚和蒸发残留的水分以及纺丝油，使 材料达到适合挤出的状态。 根据不同的技术规格，堆积密度 最多可以增加八倍。 这样，HV 塑料粉碎机制造出了一种塑料原料，可以极 好地用于计量和混合。 与没有预先处理的直接进料方式相 比，这种在线式设备方案改善了能量平衡以及挤出机的生产 能力。 客户表示，他们节省能源消耗的比例高达30％。 期望和重要性 生产商在其车间内开动制粒机、团聚机生产线能期望得 到什么？ 首先，最重要的是要参与一种普遍的、显然正在出 现的趋势，即对产品更高的回收率提出了更高的要求。 这是 通过将所产生的纤维、长丝或无纺布的废料进行内部再生来 实现的。 它需要采取适当的小型化步骤，采用例如HB系列的 Herbold制粒机以及可以处理当前大体积废料的设备，即HV 塑料粉碎机。 该机器可使堆积密度增加多达八倍。 这个概念 已经成为了现实，并且客户见证了其效率，他们声称已经实 现了高达30％的节能。 最终，Herbold Meckesheim很高兴能 够为客户提供这些要求苛刻的应用程序，并期待以其有针对 性的回收目标为PET纤维、长丝或非织造布制造商提供支 持。 Challenge for manufacturers Facing new recycling targets often goes along with worries about the realization of such internal projects. Quality stand- ards must be fulfilled, costs have to be at a minimum level; each investment needs to be perfectly considered. Superficially seen, the easiest solution seems to be to get rid of scraps and do not bother about it any further. Though, these times de- mand increasing responsibilities. Scrap cannot be seen as scrap – it should be seen as an opportunity to get the most out of one’s business. Using fiber scraps goes along with challenges, such as the length of the material as it mostly seems to be infi- nite, therefore difficult to handle. Nonetheless, every manufacturer needs to consider long-term solutions for the waste to ensure the business is running on high levels of sustainability regarding recycling ratios and CO 2 emissions. Concerning fibers, filaments or nonwovens, down- sizing is the first step which needs to take place – though, this size reduction is not easy to handle as there is the steady risk that the material will wind around conventional rotor shafts. Even if the material has been size reduced, there is still the issue of extreme low bulk density with all its associated problems such as storing, conveying and dosing. Herbold’s solution This task requires a process combining size reduction and ag- glomeration using a Herbold Granulator of the HB series and Herbold HV Plastcompactor. The design of this granulator is characterized by a feed hopper and hydraulic ram with a gra- nulator having a true scissor cut. Due to the design of the hop- per, the grinding chamber and the high cutting frequency, it is easily possible to transform bulky quantities of fibers, filaments or nonwovens into flakes with sizes of less than 15 millimetres. This means that there is no more talk about complicated handl- 物料 / Material 输入密度 / Input density 输出密度 / Output density 说明 / Comments PET 纤维 / 61 g/l / 61 g/l 469 g/l / 469 g/l 密度增加约7.7倍 / Approx. 7,7x PET fibers increase of bulk density PE单丝 / 60 g/l / 60 g/l 321 g/l / 321 g/l 密度增加约5.3倍 / Approx. 5,3x PE monofilaments increase of bulk density PE纤维 / 60 g/l / 60 g/l 326 g/l / 326 g/l 密度增加约5.3倍 / Approx. 5,3x PE fibers increase of bulk density